BLADDER CANCER: NON-UROTHELIAL BLADDER CANCER
Non-urothelial malignancies
- Small cell carcinoma of the bladder
- Type of neuroendocrine histology
- Should be considered and treated as metastatic disease, even if there is no radiologic evidence of disease outside the bladder
- In general, primary small cell carcinoma of the bladder is very chemosensitive
- Primary mode of therapy is chemoradiation therapy; chemotherapy and radical cystectomy is an option with similar survival (5-year CSS 16% chemoradiation vs. 18% chemotherapy and radical cystectomy)
- Primary method to improve survival will be more effective systemic therapy
- Signet ring cell carcinomas
- Usually high-grade, high-stage tumors at presentation
- Poor prognosis
- Sarcoma
- Subclassification of sarcoma is based on histologic variations, depending on the specific malignant cell type
- Leiomyosarcoma is the most common histologic subtype, followed by rhabdomyosarcoma and then, rarely, angiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and carcinosarcoma
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References
- Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA (eds): CAMPBELL-WALSH UROLOGY, ed 11. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2015, chap 92